Cement retainer



June 21, 1938. y

T. M. RAGAN ET AL CEMENT RETAINER Filed July 14, 1937 3 Sheets-Sheet 1THoMAs M RAGA/v CLA EEA/cs E. EUR 'r ATTORNEY June 21, 1938.

r. M. RAGAN ET AL V CEMENT RETAINER Filed July' 14, 1937 '3 Sheets-Sheet2 y THoMAs M RAGA/v CLARE/vcr E 231/497 @ca/UQ TToRNEY June 21,1938. T.M. RAGAN ET AL 2,121,051

CEMENT RETAINER 4Filed .July 14, 1937 s sheets-sheet a F n.8. F M9.

INVENTOR. Wvo/1A s M EA 6A N 192A .e5/vc: E. Bue r TTORNEY .Y

Patented June 2l, .1938

.. UNirED'ps'rAT'Es PATENT OFFICE artrosi CEMENT RETAINER.

` Thomas M.'Bagan and Clarence E. Burt, Los Angeles, Calif., assignorsto Baker Oli Tools. Inc., Huntington Park, Calif.. a corporation ofCalifornia application July 14, isst, serial No. isaszz 19 claims'.l(o1. 16s-713) r j This application is al continuation in .part of -ourpending application entitled "Cement re-I tainer.' iiledMarch 26, v1935,and bearing, Serial n No. 13,063. l 5 The 'invention relates toappliances commonly known ascement retainers which are utilized inpacking ofi. cementingr and repressuring operations in deep oil wells.

It is the principal object of the present in.-

vention to provide an improved tool of the charactenreferred to whichmay be safely and properly run-in and set at any desired point in thelcasing oi' a deep well and resistdislodgmentbypressures either -aboveorbelow it; 'theappara- 1l tus'being utilized in cementing operations--to cement oi! a water formation at a predetermined level or form acement seal and reinforcement lbetween the well casing and the borethroughout the entire length oi' the casing. 'I'he tool is also capableof eilicient use in packing oit or bridging the well casing' at anydesired point therealong'for purposes such as packing-oil` high.pressure gassa'nds below the oil strata. i

' In general, the device consists of a valved hol- `low packer which maybe run in thehole at the lower end ofa'string' `of tubing. This packeris fitted with operatlveslips for firmly anchoring it to the surroundingcasing so` that it will resist dislodgement either from pressures aboveor presa0 sures below. The packeris iltted with an expansible packing orsealing element for sealing off' the space between the exterior ofl thedevice and thecasing wall.v The slips br anchoring means.

. and the packing elementare operated by i'luid a5 pressure and bymanipulation of vlthe running-in tubing at the derrick iloor.

In cementing operations, the tubing method may be practiced, that is,the cement slurry is' pumped downwardly through .the running-in tub- 40In! and the-packer into the space below the packer and` back up aroundthe casing to form aseal. The cement slurry .is prevented from re-'turning into the packer and casing above 'the same by a back pressurevalve carried bythe.

packer. As this packer orcement retainer can Ibe set at any desiredvpoint -in .the casing after the latter is in place, the'A tooll iscapable of use in shutting ou water at any'.point along 4the well. Thedevice may also be used as a bridge Plug to bridge oir the interior ofthe casing at any desired point. This permits clementing` operations tobe carried on above the devicel as is desirable in some instances. '.Thedevice likewise maybe used purely as a packer to seal ci! the interioroi the casing at any predetermined point above bottom. This enables itito bevemplcpwedv to shut of! high pressure gas below the producingsands.

'I'he invention is exempliiled in the following description and4illustrated by way of example in the accompanying drawings in which: yFig. l is a longitudinal sectional view vthrough a portion of a wellcasingand disclosing one form of our improved .device positioned thereinwith the parts in the positions they assume when the device is beingrun-in in the casing. Fig. 2 is a view similar to Fig. 1 but disclosingone set of slips in tripped position.

Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the slip sleeve. Fig. 4 is a perspectiveview of one o f the slips.-

Fig. 5 is a view similar to Fig'. 2 with the exceptlon that all 'of theslips are shown in tripped position.

therein with the parts inthe position they assume when the devicei'sbeing run-in inthe casing.

Fig. 9 is a view similar to Fig. 8 but disclosing one .set of slips intripped position.v Fig. 10 is a view similar to Fig. 9 but disclosingthev device as it appears when completely set in position. 1

' Referring tothexaccompanying drawings, (par- .v ticularly to Figs. lto 7 inclusive). I0 indicates a packer 'or what' is commonly known. as acement retainer. 'I'his device isgener'ally cylindrical lin cross.section and of an overall external diameteri just slightly less, whenits parts are in unset position, than the internal diameter of the Thepacker or cement-retainer I0 includes'an elongated hollow cylindricalbody II, the lower end of which is formed with a concentric maincirculating port. I2 surrounded by a valve seat I4. Cooperating with.this valve seat to control the ow of fluid upwardly into the body IIfrom below the same is a .downwardly opening back pressure valve I5 of`the poppet type. 'Ihis valve is iltted with a valve stem I6 whichextends vertically upward into the' body I I and is reciprocably mountedin a guide I'I centrally of a spider I8 formed integrally with or'secured within the body. I I. An expansionspring I8 is arranged bewell'casing into which it' is to be run and set.

' seat 28 to receive a ball trip valve 21 as shown in Fig. 2. Dependingfrom the lower end of the sleeve valve 24 are spaced legs 23 whichconnect 'the sleeve valve .to a circular trunnion 23 which Vthe maincirculating port tween the 'guide'v I1 and an enlarged head Ila exceedsthe pressure in the casing below the packer I0.

It will be noticed that the body I I is hollow and is formed. with alower bore 20 and an upper bore 2|. These two are connected by anintermediate bore 22 which is reduced in diameter with respect to theupper and lower bores 2l and 20. .A bridging valve seat 23 is formed atthe junction between the upper bore' 2| and the intermediate bore 22,the` purpose of this seat will be hereinafter described.

Reciprocably mounted in the intermediate bore 22 is a sleeve valve 24-which has a passageway 25 formed co-axially therethrough.' At its upperend the sleeve valve 24 is formed with a trip valve l is connected tothe head Ita by means of a shear pin` 30. v v

vDue to the connection between the sleeve valve 24. and the valve stemI3, the valve spring I3 constantly tends to maintain the sleeve valve 24in its uppermost position. When the packer is assembled for running-in,it is desirable to hold the -valve I5y open. so that fluid may passfreely upwardly through the-body II. To maintain the valve in this'openposition'weprovide a stop pin 3i which is secured in the body II andAagainst t the casing, it may be moved up and down therein ing ring 36 isconnected to the body I by shear without causing a swabbing'action.

In the runningin position the sleeve valve 24 covers a port 32-Yf'ormedthrough the wall of the body'II and which extends from the intermedi--``ate bore 22 to a point between the exterior of other suitable-pliablemateriala'nd is anchored at its lower end to a flxed ring' 34.which isbolted or otherwise secured to an annular .flange 35 `cirl eumscribingthe lowerv end ofthe body I-I. The upper end of the packer sleeve 33 isanchored to` a sliding ring 38 slidably .fitting the exterior of thebody Il.. In running-in condition, the slid'- pin 31. y

In operation it is intended that when the sleeve valve 24 uncovers'theport 32, as willbe described, that fluid'unde'r presure'be directedthrough the port 32'to between the exterior of the body II- and theinterior of the packer sleeve 33, causing ,expansion of the latter.' (Wehave found in lacmalpractice that by`creating -this pressure be# tween'the packer sleeve and the body, that' the packer sleeve will rst expand'into 'contact with the weil casing and then, ldue to compression, it

will elongate. This elongating movement is lsuillcient to shear .theypin 31 vand cause thel slid- 70..

- movement of this sliding ring :36 to operate a por- 'tionofthesettingmechanism of the tool, as will lng ring 36 to move upwardly. We use thisbe described."

Referring particularly to Figs. 1 to 4 inclusive, it'will be seen that`above thepackersleeve 33 the `2,1'21,o51` Y' r bodyll is provided with-aslip sleeve 33'. This slip sleeve `is bored so -thatit i's lcapable ofreciprocation on the exterior surface of the body- I I.

The exterior of the slip` sleeve 33 is formed with a plurality ofvertically arranged slip sockets 3.3 which are spaced equal distancesapart about the periphery ofv the slip sleeve 38. There are two sets ofthese sockets; one set to receive what we I with two parallel surfacesarranged one above' the other andl which are inclined with respect tothe vertical 'axis of the slip sleeve. The inner surfaces of adjacentsockets are oppositely inclined so that the up-pressure anddown-pressure slips will be arranged alternately about the slip sleeve38. Each socket 39 'is fitted with a slip 40.

In the present instance there are three up-pres'- sure slips and threedown-pressure slips, there ybeing .six sockets formed in the slip sleeve38. It is to be understood, however, that we may provide a greater orlesser number of slips if we so desire.

The inner surface ofeach slip 40 is formed with parallel inclinedsurfaces which Tcoincidev with and are complementa] to the innervsurface v.of its socket so that relative` vertical movement between theslips and the slip sleeve 38 will result in radial movement of theslips.

- It win be noticed that at the junctions between'l the inclinedsurfaces of the slip socket, there is a lateral shoulder which coincideswith a similar lateral shoulder between the inclined surfaces of theslip fitting the socket. Each socket isformed witha keyway 33a which isengaged by a key 40a formed on the slip. l An expansion spring 4I isarranged in each socket and it abuis against the end of the'keyway v39a.attone end and against the lateral shoulderon the slip 40 at the otherend sov that whenlthe'slip' is detached from the.

` slip sleeve 33, the spring 4I will move the slip relative to the slipsleeve 33 and consequently cause 'the slip to move radially outward.

In the case ofthe down-pressure slips which we have indicated at-A, thesprings 4I will move the slips upwardly relative to the slip sleeve 33andl in the case of the up.pressure slips B, the

springs 4I will move the slips downwardly relativeto the slip sleeve'33. This'movement of the slips causes them to move radially outwardandinto engagement with the casing.

Referring to Fig. 1 where the parts are shown in the position which theyassume when the device is run-in to the casing, it will be noticed thatthe slips are arranged in their innermost position and that thedown-pressureslips are secured to the slip sleeve 38 by ,a shear pin 42while the uppressure slips B are secured to the slipA sleeve 38 by shearpins 43. It will be noticed that the up-` pressure slips Bfare 'eachsecured by two shear pins 4 3, while each'down-pressure slip is securedto the slip ,sleeve by a s'ingleshear-pin 42. It will I .sliplsleevejiis formed with an annular. groove casing. the upper end of the upperbore 2l is 4l which reeives a spring laten ring u. 'rms latch ringisadapted to engage annular serrations 41 formed .about the exteriorsurfa'ce of the body lI I to latch the sleeve 38 in positionv on the4body I I when the tool has been run in the casing j and set.

For the purpose of running the tool into the formed with a left-handfemale thread to re. ceive the left-hand male thread 4l formed on thelower end of running-in tubing 43. The purpose of the left-hand threadis to enable the tubing 49 to be unscrewed from Athe body I,I after thethe valve I5 is open, 'the device 'can be 'moved up and down in thecasing without causing a swabtool has been tripped and set in the casingIn operation of the device, it is constructed and assembled as shown inFig. l. In thisfcondition the valve I5 will be unseated. the two sets ofslips A and B will be in their innermost position, and the packer sleeve33 will be fully contracted. The tool is' then threaded on the" lowei`end of the running-in tubing v49 and lowered into the casing. It isobvious that due to the'fact that This iluid pressure, however",V isinsuillcientto shear the pin'30 which connects the sleeve valve 24 tothe enlarged head Ita of the valve stem I6.

The yiluid pressure passing through the port 32 causes the packer sleeve33,-to expand, as illustrated in Fig. 2, and thereafter compresses thesleeve, whichcauses it to elongate and, in so dointo engagement with thecasing.-

ing, it. shears the pin 31 which connects the slidvi'ngcollar 36 -to thebody I I and moves the slidof tubing 43..moving the body IIupwardlyrelative to the slip sleeve 331 and the slips. This movement iscontinued until the upper -end of the sliding ring 33 abuts against thelower end vof the slipsleeve 33 and is further continuedso 5 "as tocompress the packer sleeve 33 intothecondition shown in Fig. 6. .forminga complete watertight. seal between the "body II vand the casing. Thisupward .pull will likewise .to some extent force the up-pressureslipsinto firm gripping 10 contact withthe wall of the casing. -Afterthe packer sleeve 33 has been fully compressed, the latch ring 43 of theslip sleeve 3l will engage one of the latch grooves in thehody 'II andmaintain the partsin setcondition, as il- 15 lustrated in. Fig. 6.vThereafter pump pressure is againrbu-ilt up in the interior ofthe bodyII through the running-in tubing y49. This fluid pressure is builtupsufilciently to shear the pin 30 which connects the sleeve valve tothe head zo of the valve stem Ita.. In so shearing this pin,

-the fsleeve valve 24 drops to anineffective posilower bore 20 of thebodyl II to maintain the sleeve valve 24 in an ineffective position. eIt is obvious fromthe previous description and from the drawings thatanyup-pressure built up in the 4easing below the retainer or packer will.5

tend to more' tightly press the 'up-pressure slips into contact withthecasing due to the inclined surfaces oi'l vthe -slip sockets. It islikewise ap-l parent that any considerable pressures built up in thecasing above the packer'or retainer will j ytend to. more tightly rpress`the down-pressure slips into contact with the-casing. Therefore, the

ing collar 36Aupwardly. The lsliding'collar 38 is moved upwardly asuilicient distance and with suillcient force to engage the lower endsof the down slips A and shear the pins 42. The minute that these pins 42are sheared, the springs 4I ofthe down slips A move the slips' upwardlywith respect to the slip sleeve 33. This movement of the. slipscauses-them to move'radially outward The pump pressure above. thevalve'- 21 is then relieved and a portion of the weight ofthe run-lning-in' tubing 43 is permitted to vbear on the upper end of thebody-II. 'I'his moves 'the body I I and slip sleeve 38 downwardlyvrelative t'o the down slips A, consequently moving the slips A outwardlyinto a firm gripping contact with' the casing, when the slip A stopsmoving downwardly, relative to the slip sleeve '33. During thismovement, an upper annular ilange 53 which cirengage the upper ends oftheup-pressure slips B. This engagement will tend to move the uppressureslips B downwardly relative to the slip sleeve -33 shearing the pins 43.The moment that these pins are sheared. the springs 4I act to movetheup-pressure slips downwardly relative to the slip sleeve 38 whichcauses them-to move radially outward into .engagement with the casing.

As soon as the set oi' up pressureslips B ere tripped, a strain is takenon the rimning-in string cumscribes the upper end of the body II will l'-pleted, the running-lin tubing 43 may be discon'- als nected from thebody I I due to the left-hand packer will resist ydislodgernent eitherfrom pressures above orv pressures below. It will be noticed 'thatthedown-'pressure slips are provided with 5 downwardly extending wickersand that the uppressure slips are provided with upwardly directedWichers for gripping purposes.

The device is then ready for cementing operations and cement may then.be pumped downwardly throughthe running-in tubing 43, thence through thebody I Lopening the valve It and discharging into thecasing below thepacker Il. In most instancesjthecasing vis perforated below the packerIIIso that the cement may discharge 55 outwardly through theseperforations and upwardly through the casing to-eifect a seal bepackera4 circulating-jar or joint of any 4preferred 70 typev If forany reasonit is desired to make the device a bridgel plug so as to prevent thepassage of fluid either upwardly through the packer or downwardlytherethrough. abridging ball Il is 1g provided. "I'his ball maybe'dropped through the I running-in tubing ,4.8 and it will seat on thebridging valve seat 23. 'Ihis will prevent fluid from being pumpeddownwardly through the body il and the back pressure valve I willprevent fluid from passing upwardly through the body I l Referring tothe second embodiment of our inf vention and particularly to Figs. 8 to10 inclusive seat the valve lia on the seat Ila, thereby closing themain circulating port I2a. It is obvious, however, that the valve liawhen seated, may be opened by fluid pressure from within the body .whenthe same exceeds the pressure in the casing below the valve. I

It will be noticed that the body Ila is' hollow 'and is formed with alower bore 20a and an upper bore 2Ia.

'I'hese two boresare connected by an intermediate chamber 22a. Abridging valve seat 23a. is formed in the upper bore 2Ia.' the purposeof which seat is the same as described in connection with the form ofthe device shown in Figs. l. to 'l inclusive.

Mounted in the bore 20a is a hollow sleeve 24a which has a trip valveseat 26a formed interiorly thereof to receive a ball tripvalve 21a asshown in Fig. 9." Extending upwardly from the upper end of the sleeve24a is a. lug 28d which engages the valve lia to hold the same in openposition as shown in Fig. 8. The sleeve 24a is held in position by ashear pin 30a. When the packer is assembled for running in, it isdesirableto hold the valve I5a open so that uid may pass freely upwardlythrough the body lia. It is to maintain the valve in this open positionthat we provide4 the sleeve 21a which is secured in the body I la bythe'y shear pin 30a so that the lug 28a will preventthe valve lia fromclosing so that when the plug is run-in in the casing, it may be movedup and down therein without causing a swabbing action. I

A packer sleeve'33a is provided and is formed of rubber or any other.suitable pliable material l 'connecting the lower cone 34a to'the bodythan connecting the upper cone 36a to the body so that a lesser,pressure is required to release the upper cone than the lower one;

-In operation it is intended that fluid under pressure be directedthroughv ports .32a to between the exterior oi' the' body- .l la and theinterior of the packer sleeve 33a, causing expansiony of the latter. Asbefore stated, we 4have found in actual practice' that by creating thispressure between the packer sleeve and the body. that the packer sleevewill'rst expand into contact with the casing whereupon its elongatingmovement' is suilicient to shear the pins of the upper cone 31 and causethe same to move upwhich receives a spring latch 48a.

wardly.' We use this movement oi' this upper cone 36a to release anupper set of segmented slips la and move them into contact with the wellcasing. The set of slips Iaare the up-pressure slips.

The co-acting surfaces of the slips la andthe cone 36a are such thatupward movement of the latter relative to the slips will move the sameoutwardly. It will be noticed that the -slips are connected to the coneby shear pins 31e and to the body Ila by shear pins 31d. When the cone36a commences to move upwardlyalong the body due to elongation of thepacker sleeve Ila the pins 31a, 31e and 31d are sheared so that the conewill move the slips t set position.

Mounted in a similar manner on the lower cone 31a is a set of"downfpressure" slips 2a. These slips and cone haveco-acting cone facesdisposed so that upward movement at the body Ila and, slips 2a relativeto the cone a will disrupt the shear pin connections and set the slips2a. l

Referring to Fig. 8 where the parts are shown in the position which theyassume when 'the device is run-in to the casing. it will be noticedsition so that ample clearance in the casing will be provided. y

Itwill be noticed that the upper cone 38a is formed with an interiorvannular groove "a 'I'his latch is adapted to engage annular serratlons41a formed about the exterior surface of the body Ha to latch the cone36a in position on the body Ila when the tool has been run inthe casingand set.

For the purposeof running the tool into the vus' ceive the left-handmale thread 48a formed on the lower end of running-in tubing 49a. The

purpose of the left-hand thread is to enable the tubing 49a to beunscrewed from the body Ila after the tool has been tripped and set inthe casing.

In operation of the device shown in Figs. 8 to 10 inclusive, it isconstructed `and assembled as shown in Fig'. 8. In this condition thevalve Ila will be unseated, the two'sets of slips la and 1a will be intheir innermost position, and the packer sleevel 33a will be fullycontracted. 'I'he tool is then threaded on the lower end of therunningin tubing 49a and lowered into'the casing. It is obvious that dueto the fact that the valve IIa is open, the device can be moved up anddown in the casing without causing a swabbing action.

.When the device has beenv positioned at the desired point, a trip ballvalve 21a Isdropped through the tubing 49a and it will nd its seat onthe seat 26a on the` sleeve 24a..` vFluid pressure is thenvcreated inthe tubing 49a. and in the -interior of the .body of body Ila above thesleeve 24a. This iluid pressure, however, is insumcient to shear thepin30a which connects the sleeve 24a to Athe body Ha. y

The fluid pressure passing through the ports Ila causes the paclrcrsleeve Ila to expand. as illustrated in Fig. 9,'and thereaftercompresses the sleeve, which causes it to elongate and, in. so doing, itshears the pins lla which connect the slid- 2,121,051' radially outward4int-o engagement with' the The pump pressure above the valve ,Hai isthen relieved and a strain is taken on the running-in tubing 49a whichmoves ythe body I'Ia and cone a upwardly relative to the up slips ia,conse- Aqueutly moving the slips la outwardly into a firm grippingcontact with the casing.

. During this movement'of the body the lower cone 'lla and slips 2dwill-move upwardly with tliebody compressing the packer sleeve 33a intov sealing condition against the casing until it will compress novfurther, then the pin 31a will shear and an annular shoulder 53a whichcircumscribes the body ila will engage the lower ends of thedown-pressure slips 2a. This engagement will move the slips 2a upwardlyshearing the -pins `llc and-3'|d'. When these pins are sheared,continued upward movemento! the body lla will move the slips radiallyoutward into set engagement with the casing. i l

After the packer sleeve 33a has been fully compressedand the slipsilrmly set, the latchl lring Ila-oi the conella will. engage one .of thelatch grooves in the body I la and maintain the .parts in set condition,as illustrated in Fig. 10.

Thereafter pump pressure is lagain built up in the interior of the bodyIla through the vrunning-in tubing 48a. 'I'his iluld pressure is builtup suinciently to shear the pin 30a which connects the sleeve to thebody'. I la. f In so shearing thislpin.

the sleeve 24a drops from the ,body Ila and the valve lia is free toseat.y

It is obvious from theprevious description and from the,drawings thatany tip-pressure built up in the casing below the retainer or packerwilll tend to Amore tightly press theup-pressure slips into contact withthe` casing due to the inclined surfaces of the slip sockets. It islikewise --apparent that any considerable pressures built up in thecasing above the .packer or retainer will tend to more tightly press thedown-pressure slips into contact with the casing. Therefore, the

packer will resist dislodgement either from pres-j sures aboveorpressures below. It will be noticed thatlthedown-pressure slips areprovided with v downwardly extending wickers and that the uppressure`slipsare provided with upwardly direct s ed wickers for grippingpurposes.

The device` is.- thenready for cementingloperations and cement may thenbe pumped downwardly through the running-in tubing "a, thence throughthe body lia, opening the valve lla' and discharging into the casingbelow the packer Ilia. Alter the cementing operations have beencompleted. the back pressure ofthe cement will close the valve ila toprevent the cement from pasing upwardly `into the body Ila and into thecasing above the body.

Alter the cementing operation has `been completed, the running-in tubinga may be disconnected from the body iv la dueto the left-hand screwconnection between the two. The runningin tubing may then be pulled fromthe hole.

We prefer to use in connection with thisH packer a circulating Jarorjoint o! any' preferred type.

If for any reason it is desired to make the device a bridge plug so asto prevent the passage of huid either upwardly through the s packer 4ordownwardly therethrough, a bridging ball Ila is provided. This bail maybe dropped through the running-in tubing a andlt will seat on thebridging valve .seat 23a. This will prevent fluid from being-"pumpeddownwardly throughfthe body lia and the back pressure valve ila willprevent fiuidirom pasing upwardly through the body lia.

Ilrorn the foregoing itis obvious that we have.

provided a cement retainer which will resist dislodgement either'bypressures above it orby pres- ,sures below it. It is further pointed outthatthe device may not only be used in various kinds of cementingoperations but, may likewise lbe used as a bridge plug. l

It should be pointed outithat the device rmay brought about'by selectingan' exhausted well which taps the oil sandsto be repressured. Our toolis then run into the casing of this well and set in the same manner aspreviously described.A

herein` in connection with the cementing operatior.. The packer ispositioned .lust abovethe perforated section of the casing. 'Gas underhigh pressure'is then forced downwardly through the running-in tubing sothat it will discharge through the port by opening the back pressurevalve. This will raisethe pressure in the oil vsands and drive outadditional oil into adjacent wells from' whence it may be pumped tothe'sur'-- face.

While we 4 oi our invention, it Kis to be understood that variouschanges may be made therein by those skilled lin the art withoutdeparting from the spirit or the invention as deilncdl in. the appendedclaims.

Having thus described ourinvention. what we claim andl desire to secureby Letters Patent is: l; An apparatus of the claracter describedcomprising a hollow member adapted'to be secured' to the l'ower end of astring of tubing and lowered into a well casing. slips mounted on saidnecting said slips to said member and lmaintaining them in aninefllective position. a packing sleeve mounted on said member` andcapable of being hydraulically actuated to release said means andthereby releasesaid slips so that they may y move to an eii'ectiveposition.

2. Anapparatusjof the character described comprising a hollow member tobe secured to the lower end of a -stringof tubing andslips mounted havedisclosed the preferred .form

. l 10 also be used in repressuring oil sands. This is 'memben meanscapable of being released conon said-member',- coperating means ontheslips andmember whereby relative axial movement be-` tween the slips andsaid member will cause said slips to moveradlally outward. means capableof being released connecting said slips'ito said member and maintainingthem in an ineffective position,.a packer member mounted on said memberand capable of being hydraulically actuated tol v release said means andrelease said slips to permit them to move axially relative to saidmember to an effective position.

3. An apparatus of the character described comprising a hollow member tobe secured to the lower end of a string of tubing, slips mounted on saidmember, cooperative means on the slips and member whereby relative axialmovement between the slips and said member will move said slipsAradially outward, shearing means capable ofprising a member to bedetachably connected to the lower end of a string of tubing, meanscarried by said member and operative to secure said member toa wellcasing, a packing sleeve surrounding said member and capable ofelongation when iiuid pressure is created between it andsaid member,said member being hollow whereby fluid discharged therein through saidtube may pass downwardly through said member, said member having a portformed therein to direct-duid be-A 5. An apparatus of the characterdescribed` comprising a hollow member to' be connected to the lower endof a string of tubing, a ist set of slips mountedbn said member, asecond set of slips mounted on said member, cooperative means betweensaid slips and on said member whereby relative axial movement vbetweensaid member and said slips will move said slips-radially outward, shearmeans connecting said slips 'i comprising a hollow cylindrical memberadap 12. An apparatus oi' the character described 75 to said member inineffective positions, a hydraulically actuated packing sleeve onsaid.mem- 'ber operative to' shear said means ofthe iirst set of slips sothat they may move to an eiective position, and means operative uponsubsequent endwise movement of said member to` shear the shear means ofthe second named slips to relase the same.

6. inA apparatus .of the character described comprising a hollow memberadapted to be detachably connected to the lower end of a string` oftubing, a -rst set of slips mounted on said member and-a second set ofslips mounted on said member, spring means associated with said meansand said Amember and constantly tending tomove said slipsaxially'relative to said member, co-l operative mean's on said slips andsaid member causing said slips to move radially outward upon Irelativemovement between the same and said member. shear means connecting saidslips to said member, a packing sleeve mounted on said member capableofbeing hydraulically actuated Y to shear said shear means of the rst s etof slips,

and means on said member and operative upon endwise movement of saidmember subsequent to theshearing of the shear means onthe first set ofslips to engage the second set of -slips and shear the shear meansthereof t5 release the same. 7. An apparatus of the character describedcomprising a hollow member to be connected to the lower end of a stringof tubing, ailrst set of slips mounted on said member, a second set ofslips mounted on said member, cooperative :means between said slips andon said member whereby relative axial movement between said'member,

and said slips will move said slips radially ioutward, shear meansconnecting said slips tosaid `member in ineiective positions, a packingmember adapted to be elongated by hydraulic pressure and therebyoperative to shear said means of the mst set of slips so that theymaymove to an eil'ective position and means operative upon subsequentmovement of said member downwardly to shear the shear means of thelsecond named slips to release the same, the lower end of said memberbeing i'ormed with a valve port,-a valve cooperating with said port toclose the same, means normally maintaining said valve inf-open positionand hydraulically actuated means for Vrendering said means inetrective.

8. Anapparatus of the character descri ed to be connected at its upperVend to the lower end of a string of tubing and-lowered thereby into astring of well casing, a setof .slips at, the exterior of said member,coinciding angular faces on said :slips .andmember whereby relativeaxial 'movement between said member and vslips will move said slipsradially outward into engagement with the casing, means for detachablyconnecting said slips 'to the vmember to maintain the slips inineiective position, a hydraulically actuated packing sleeve fordetaching said slips from the 'membespring means associated with theslips and member constantly tending to' cause relative axiaLmovementbetween the slips and `member whereby relative axial movement betweensaid member 'and slips will move said slips radially outward intoengagement with the, cas'- "ing, means for detachably connecting saidslips to the member 'to maintainthefsli'ps in ineffective position, ahydraulically4 actuated packing sleeve for detachingsaid vslips from themember, spring means associated withthe slips and member constantlytending to, cause relative axial movement between the slips and saidmember thereby moving said slips radially outward into engagement withthe casing,and means for subsequently expanding said-packingmeans topacking position and latching it in such position, said packing meansbeing expanded into packing `engagement with the'intei'lor of the wellcasing by upward'movement of said member subsequent to the releasing ofsaid slips.

10. A device of the character described comprising a body adapted to beconnected to the p sleeve and slips for moving the latter outwardly whenthey are detached from the'sleeve, a packer sleeve surroundingthe bodyand adapted to expand andelongate when the iluid pressure'is built upAbetween itand the body, said packer sleeve and slips vbeing soArelatively associated that upon elongation of the packer sleeve it willdetach said slips from the slip sleeve, said packer sleeve being.capable of thereafter being axially'compressed by upward movement ofthe body, said upward movement also detaching said slip sleeve from thebody and forcing said slips into g/ripping engagement with the casing. fy

11; .Anl apparatus of the character described comprising. a hollow bodyadapted tov be detachably :secured to the lower end of a string oftubing and lowered into a well casing, segmental comprising a lhollowbody to be secured to the ward, a longitudinally expansible member'mounted on said body and capable of being expanded by iiuid pressurebuilt up' in the body to cause relative axial movement between the slipsand the cone.

' comprising a hollow 13. An apparatus ofthe character describedcomprising a hollow body to be detachabhr secured to the lower end of astring of tubing, segmental slips mounted on said body, a cone mountedon the body, cooperative cone faces on the'slips and cone wherebyrelative axial movement between the slips and said cone will move saidslips radially outward, ble of being sheared connecting said slips tosaid bodyand maintaining them in an ineffective position, a sleevemounted on said body and capable oi' being elongated by hydraulicpressure built up in said body, said sleeve being so associated withsaid slips and vcone that elongation thereof will act to cause relativeaxial movement between the slips and cone and shear said shear means.

14. An apparatus of the character described body to be detachablyconnected to the lower end of a string of tubing, a ilrst set of slipsvmounted on said body, a second set of slips mounted on said body, twocones on,

the body and associated withsaid sets of'slips whereby relative axialmovement between said cones .and said slips will move said slipsradially outward, shear means connecting said slips to said body inineffective positions, a hydraulically actuated packing sleeve on saidbody and connected with one of .said cones and operative upon fluidpressure being built up therein to move the said cone relativeto thefirst set of slips and shear said means of Ithe rst set of slips andmove the sameto an eilective position, and means operative uponsubsequent said body to move the second set of slips axially endwisemovement of to shear the shear means of the second named slips and movethem `to an effective position.

15. An apparatus of the character described comprising a hollow bodyadapted to be detachably connected. to the lower end of a string oftubing, a first set o! slips mounted on said body and a second: set ofslips mounted on said body,`

a iirst and a second cone on said. body and associated with said slipsto move the same radially outward upon relative movement between thecones and said slips, shear means connecting said cones to said body,shear means detachably.

connecting said slips to said cones and body, a packing sleeve mountedon said body and connected with said cones and capable ofbeing-hydraulically actuated to shear saidshear means of the iirst cone,and meanson said body and operative upon endwise movement of said bodysubsequent to the shearing of the shear means on the nrst cone, toengage the second set of slips and move the same longitudinally relativeto the second cone.

16. An apparatus of the character described comprising a hollowcylindrical member adapted to be connected at its upper endl to thevlower end `of a string of tubing and lowered thereby' into a string ofwell casing. a set of slips at the exterior shearing means capaof saidmember, a cone on said member, coinciding conical faces on said slipsand cone whereby relative axial movement between said c one and slips`will move said slips radially outward into engagement with the casing,means for detachably connecting said slips to the member and 17. Anapparatus of the character described comprising a hollow cylindricalmember adapted to be connected to the lower end of a string of tubingand lowered thereby into a string of well I casing, a set of slips atthe exterior of said member, a cone on the member, coinciding conicalfaces on said slips and cone whereby relative axial movement betweensaid cone and slips will move said slips radially outward intoengagement with the casing, means for detachably connecting said slipstothemember to maintain the slips in ineffective position, a hydraulicallyactuated packing sleeve for detaching said slips from the member and forcausing relative axial movement between the slips and said memberthereby moving said slips radially outward into engagement with thecasing', and means for subsequently expanding said Apacking sleeve tbpacking position and latching it in such position,v said packing sleevebeing'expanded into packing engagement with the interior of the wellcasing by upward movement of said member subsequent to the releasing ofsaid slips. 18. A device of the character described. comprising a bodyadaptedfto beconnectedjto the lower end of a string thereby into a wellcasing. a pair of cones 'carried by said body and normally securedagainst movement coaxially therealong, two sets of slips detachablysecured thereto in their innermost po.-`

-sitions, cooperative conical faces on thecones and -surrounding'thebody and adapted to expand and, elongate when the duid-pressure is builtup between it and the body, said packer sleeve and cones being sorelatively associated that uponelongation cf the packer sleeve itYwilloperate one cone and set one set of said slips, said4 packer "foftubing and lowered I sleeve being capable of thereafter being axiallycompressed by upward movement of the body,

said upward-#movementfalso setting the second set of slips by moving thesame relative to the second cone.

19. An apparatus of the character described comprising a hollow bodyadapted to be secured to the lower end of a string of tubing and loweredinto ay well casing, slips mounted on said body adapted for radialmovement, an inatable memlier carried by said body in cooperativerelationship with said slips for imparting radial movement thereto andmeans for applying iluid pressure to said member to inilate the same andactuate saidslips.

'moms M, moan. casamos E. soar..

